Additive Layer Manufacturing for Aerospace Parts Essay

ES Technology has uncovered that added substance layer fabricating (ALM) for direct part creation has been grasped by various assembling divisions, not least the aeronautic trade The capacity to deliver segments in a scope of materials including hot-work prepares, hardened steel, cobalt chromes and Inconel, in addition to titanium and aluminum combinations, presents the avionic business with huge potential for direct part creation utilizing ALM. ALM has just been utilized to deliver little and medium-sized aviation segments, and having understood the capability of the procedure, aviation makers are looking to create bigger, progressively complex parts. Material Solutions works an ALM applications improvement focus with a specific spotlight on the aviation area. Carl Brancher of Material Solutions, stated: ‘ALM in elite materials is appropriate for complex slender walled structures in gas turbines. ‘However, as another innovation it isn't yet surely known or approved by expected clients and, similar to all assembling forms, to get the best from metal ALM requires the fashioner to comprehend the procedure capacities and materials’ mechanical properties,’ he included. Brancher said Materials Solutions is overcoming this issue by giving made parts, counseling (mainly to the aviation market), and working with hardware and materials sellers to build up the innovation for large scale manufacturing. See more: Masters of Satire: John Dryden and Jonathan Swift Essay The coordinated effort between Material Solutions and its industry customers has so far prompted the creation of a scope of segments throughout the most recent three years. This program has now arrived at the constraint of segment size that can be created utilizing the current Material Solutions ALM frameworks. With the proceeding with pressure from aviation makers to build up the ability to deliver bigger parts, Material Solutions went to Concept Laser to investigate the potential for building bigger segments utilizing Concept Laser’s M3 direct framework. The key standards of the M3 direct make it a novel advancement in the realm of ALM. Not at all like different machines the M3 straight doesn't have fixed optics however a blend of galvo checking mirrors and straight direct drives to move the examining head. Effectively used to manufacture bigger volume segments, the M3 straight has the entirety of the pre-essentials for up-scaling to empower creation of the sorts of parts visualized by the aeronautic trade. It isn't just the physical traits of the framework that loan themselves to creation of enormous segments however the procedure control and laser filtering methodology previously created by Concept Laser, which will dispose of the likely entanglements of precision mistakes on huge parts. Having built up the capability of the M3 straight machine, Material Solutions set out to plan a test part that would qualify certain form standards and which could likewise be utilized to instruct and advise aviation fashioners regarding ‘Additive Friendly’ configuration highlights and procedures. These incorporate decreasing backings and utilizing bigger streaming radii to help with diminishing an opportunity to manufacture and thusly, part creation and completing expenses. The test part fuses numerous highlights, for example, little distance across openings, strung highlights, meager rib segments and regions of thick material segment all normally found in aviation segments. The best difficulties for Concept Laser were that a segment of this size had at no other time been fabricated and added to this the part was required in an out of the blue short timescale. The completed part exhibits the current capacities of the innovation as far as size (300mm breadth), exactness and surface completion. While this part doesn't yet fulfill a definitive requests of aviation makers it obviously affirms the abilities of the procedure, the versatile capability of Concept Laser’s M3 straight machine and the sound base which Concept Laser have for additional improvement of the M3 direct for enormous aviation segments. There are additionally useful perspectives to be viewed as when assembling huge parts. Bigger volume segments require more noteworthy volumes of powder and thus a vigorous and stable stage to suit the weight. Having then fabricated an enormous volume, and possibly exceptionally substantial part, sheltered and simple expulsion is basic. The M3 straight machine is worked around a significant created structure and as of now joins a removable form module empowering the module and segment to be effectively situated under an overhead crane whenever required. The accomplishment of this activity and the current coordinated effort between Material Solutions and Concept Laser will be utilized to characterize the future procedures that will in the long run observe parts made by ALM strategies leave the research center and get off the ground.

The Function and Role of Research for the Health and Social Care Sector Essay Example for Free

The Function and Role of Research for the Health and Social Care Sector Essay The term inquire about is characterized as a functioning, careful and methodical procedure of enquiry that is planned for finding, deciphering and updating realities. It is characterized by Lancaster (1975) as â€Å"a arranged, deliberate quest for data, to build the aggregate of man’s knowledge†. It is depicted by Polit and Beck (2004) as being deliberate enquiry. They compose that â€Å"the extreme objective of research is to create, refine and extend an assortment of knowledge†. The significance of doing research is to assist information, upgrade understanding and to survey viability. The word explore itself gets from the French language and when interpreted truly implies â€Å"to research thoroughly†. In the Health and Social Care division inquire about is significant. It has different purposes, jobs and incentive inside Health and Social Care. As today’s society is a data driven one almost all choices made with respect to approaches and practices require thought and assessment of the proof base. This essentially implies wellbeing and social consideration experts are not, at this point ready to depend exclusively on simply hypothetical information. This is the place explore comes into training. In social consideration today associations are relied upon to be explore disapproved. This implies explore must be done, which should be possible in an assortment of structures. In the Health and Social Care division look into has numerous reasons. The primary motivations behind research are to affirm approach, affirm practice, to discredit recommendations, to stretch out information and understanding and to improve practice. All specialist organizations need data about the necessities of a network, or gathering of individuals before it very well may be chosen what assets and administrations are required to address this issue. In this way explore is required. Via completing exploration in wellbeing and social consideration practice can be improved and information broadened. When research is distributed and is made accessible to wellbeing and social consideration specialists the discoveries can be utilized to improve benefits so that specialist co-ops can complete their obligations all the more significantly. For instance, inquire about with respect to the spread of MRSA prompted activities being set up to change practice. In the case of general wellbeing usage, look into is significant. In wellbeing and social consideration settings research can likewise be utilized to screen progress. This is an indispensable job of research. On the off chance that a medicinal services activity was set up e. g. risk natal consideration, investigate permits specialist co-ops to see its take-up, and dependent on this exploration may take into account activities to be set up to expand cooperation. Without observing its absolutely impossible of knowing whether an activity is valuable to support clients or not.

Write's choice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Compose's decision - Assignment Example The other second inquiry is; what were Matt’s venturing stones to become CEO. He began as bookkeeper then proofreader and he assumed a significant job in building business at Holiday World when he was the task director. This helped him to pick up acknowledgment for the difficult work and empowered him to ascend the stepping stool to a higher position. I accept that for somebody to ascend the stepping stool to the situation of CEO, that parson ought to have demonstrated that he is experienced and equipped for directing the organization to more noteworthy statures through his presentation in different parts of the association. Who is the greatest contender dependent on customer observations? Dollywood and Silver Dollar City are viewed as the best rivals in this business however what must be considered is the way that they don't give direct rivalry. By temperance of the way that they are situated in inaccessible territories, it very well may be noticed that they don't give direct rivalry. As I would see it, I accept that the part of vicinity or closeness to one another assumes a urgent job in deciding the idea of rivalry. Rivalry is exceptional when the organizations are found nearer to one another. For this situation it is powerless since the contenders are situated in removed territories. What are the advertising systems that you use in your tasks? He expressed that publicizing devices, for example, announcements, radio, site just as TV and radio were generally utilized since these are mainstream and can be effectively gotten to by the focused on crowds. I agree with him because of the way that TV for example is the most famous medium to families and it very well may be viably used to showcase the administrations offered by Holiday

Healthcare How Angina Pectoris Affects The Cardiovascular System - 2750 Words

Healthcare: How Angina Pectoris Affects The Cardiovascular System (Essay Sample) Content: Students name: Instructor: Course: Date: How Angina pectoris affects the Cardiovascular system. The cardiovascular system is a system with the heart as the main organ with a network of blood vessels which are responsible for transporting nutrients and oxygen as well as other materials within the blood and the removal of metabolic waste materials. Angina pectoris is a condition that affects the heart and is characterized by a feeling of squeezing, strangulation and excessive pressure within the chest region. This attributed to insufficient oxygen supply within the tissues of the body which eventually result in reduced available nutrients for proper functioning of the heart muscles. Thus the heart muscles are strained. It can be experienced while one is either sleeping or at rest. The disease is felt like a form of pain that proceeds from the center of the chest and may often spread to the left of the heart affecting the shoulders and the arms as well as the neck, back of the body or jaw of the mouth. The primary cause of Angina Pectoris is atherosclerosis, also known as platelet et aggregation. Other reasons include- nonvascular mechanisms such as hypoglycemia, increased metabolic requirement, i.e., hyperthyroidism as well as spasms within the coronary artery. Atherosclerosis is preceded by formation of plaque within the arteries leading to their blockage. 1. The effects of Angina Pectoris on the Cardiovascular system The results are quite varied with disharmonies arising between the heart, spleen, the kidney as well as the liver:- the patient may experience pain in the chest, jaw or the neck. The pain may happen so fast within the chest or it may sound like a clenched fist in the chest. This pain at times is unpredictable, within the body the patient may experience fatigue, sweating, dizziness, mild headaches, and exercising becomes difficult, in the respiratory system, there is a challenge of breathing resulting in low oxygen supply, in the alimentary canal the patient will experience heartburn as well as indigestion problems. The appetite may also be compromised. This may be due to changes in metabolism attributed by ischemic myocardium; other experiences may include anxiety, the chest might become tight hence resulting in the fast heartbeat to supply the heart with its requirements. This may also be attributed to by the constriction of the arteries due to the presence of the plaque. This may result to limited amount of oxygen in the heart. This limited oxygen may result in myocardial ischemia which will further be followed by the manifestation of the clinical symptoms of angina pains. The limited amount of available oxygen for heart demands increases the work of the heart to avail sufficient resources for itself as shown by increased heart rate which raises the blood pressure. (Chen et al. 635). Shortage of oxygen flowing within the coronary arteries will result in to myocardial ischemia which may further aggravate to the fatal forms, ventricular dysrhythmia. Cells affected by myocardial ischemia will produce a range of chemicals such as histamine, serotonin, adenosine and bradykinin. Such compounds act on the intracardiac sympathetic nerves. These nerves terminate at the cardiac plexus as well as the sympathetic ganglia. Impulses arising from the presence of these chemicals are transmitted through the spinal chord to the central nervous system. The effect of this is increased blood pressure and heartbeat observed during moments of acute angina episodes which appear regularly before pain is felt. There will be variations of the electrocardiogram before the pain is felt. This points to the fact that the buildup of the products of metabolism arising from ischemia must precede feeling of pain. Most of the fatal experiences during an anginal episode will include tachycardia and increasing blood pressure. These two feedbacks are not suitable for human health. Either of the feedback can result in sudden deaths in patients suffering from symptomatic arterial spasm as well as asymptomatic patients suffering from the same condition. Older patients with arterial spasm may suffer from cerebral emboli which leads to stroke, or maybe attacked by bacterial endocarditis as well as transient cerebral ischemia. (Yang et al. e019798). 2. Signs and Symptoms Patient’s experiences this disease will show some symptoms:- there is a characteristic of healthy emotional reactions coupled with physical exertion, the disease starts from the back of the chest cavity and proceeds to the left arm, upwards to the shoulder and the jaw. This experience results to some form of heaviness in the patient there may also be experiences of irregular heartbeat arising from the constriction of the chest cavity and the arteries serving the heart, paleness as the required amount of blood is not reaching all the body tissues, anxiety, and cold sweat. These kind of experiences are similar to those of heart attack. Apart from these experiences chest pain may also arise from other heart related conditions like diseases which affect the muscles of the heart or the valves that ensure that blood only flows in one direction. Moreover, the chest pain may arise from ulcers, abnormal contraction and relaxation of the esophagus, severe anxiety and gallstones. 3. Treatment Diagnosis Correct treatment is dependent on successful diagnosis of the problem. Angina Pectoris is diagnosed based on the patient’s history of chest pain arising from exertion and use of laboratory tests which endeavor to demonstrate for the presence or absence of coronary artery disease. Once the disease has been diagnosed, it's important to seek proper medical attention. Just as the disease affects a patient while sleeping or resting, some of the symptoms can be controlled through mere resting such as strong emotional reactions and physical exertion; the patient is also advised to lie down with their head slightly raised to ensure that blood is flowing to the vital organs of the body. If the patient is not allergic to penicillin, it is advisable to take aspirin. These are precautionary measures that the patient should receive even before they plan to visit a medical facility just to ensure that the patient is a bit safer. Some of the treatment may also involve feeding on the right kinds of food. ( Degerud et al. 3) Angina Pectoris can be treated using drugs, which is sufficient. If drugs may not achieve the desired levels of health, then surgery is recommended. The drugs that are available for treating this disease include:- Calcium-channel Blocking Drugs. Calcium is structure strengthen salts. When deposited in the walls of the arteries, they impair their elasticity. The use of these drugs ensures that the arteries contract and expand voluntarily and hence blood can flow freely without causing a plaque. The use of these drugs ensures that the arterial lumen is wide enough to allow blood flow. If it were narrow, this would cause the unnecessary heart pressure of pumping blood thus resulting in the disease. Beta-blocking Drugs. When a patient is under stress and also anxious, the sympathetic nervous system may be triggered resulting in an increased heartbeat, increased blood pressure and increased oxygen demand to be able to face the problem at hand. The presence of these drugs counteracts the effects of the said experiences hence arrests any occurrence or prevalence of the disease or its precipitating factors. Nitrates. They work by reducing heart muscles oxygen demand. They are administered in different forms such as nitroglycerine tablets which are placed under the tongue with an anticipated attack or after the attack, the ointment which is rubbed on the skin, or as tablets which has a long lasting effect in the body. If the drugs don’t work then the following surgical measures may be pursued: angioplasty will be useful for dealing with chest pains or challenges of short breath while coronary bypass graft surgery may be sufficient for narrowings in more than one coronary artery. 4. Does Angina Pectoris cause narrowing of the arteries, or does narrowing of arteries caused Angina Pectoris Angina Pectoris does not cause narrowing of the arteries. It is the narrow artery that causes Angina Pectoris. Atherosclerosis or blocked arteries arise from deposition of fibrous, calcium as well as fatty materials inside the lumen of the artery. This leads to thickening and hardening of the arteries thus they lose their elasticity. Over time, the fatty materials combine with the calcium and other cellular wastes and other deposits to form a plaque. The plaque formed obstructs the flow of blood in the vessel leading to coronary heart disease as well as other diseases of the circulatory system. Atherosclerosis affects mainly the arteries that serve the brain, the heart, and the legs. The effects of the prevalence of these experiences are chest pain (angina) or may lead to fatal conditions such as heart attack or cerebral thrombosis. 5. Risk factors People need to conscious of some factors that may pre-dispose then to Angina Pectoris. Some of these factors include lifestyles such as heavy intake of cholesterol, hypertension, and cigarette smoking lack of general body exercise, obesity, diabetes mellitus, family history, and male sex. Exercise- it should emphasize once a patient has been diagnosed with the disease, as the patient may be a bit resistant to engage in physical activity as a lifestyle. Standard advice on exercise should be availed to the patient. This may be informed of electronic or pamphlets to ensure that the right task is being carried out as it can turn out to be counterproductive. (Anderson et al. 10). Cholesterol- it increases the chances of reducing the elasticity of the arteries because when it combines with other deposits and calcium, it reduces the diameter of the lumen. People should be encouraged to use plant oil and avoid cholest...

Sigmund Freud Exploring The Human Psyche - 1723 Words

Sigmund Freud: Exploring the Human Psyche Caroline Zapert Senior division Historical paper 1511 words Sigmund Freud was a thinker whose exploration of the human psyche helps us, as human beings, to understand why our lives and relationships make us feel the way we do. He tells why life is hard, how to cope, and sought answers as to how modern civilization came to be. His studies spurred from his own anxiety-ridden life. Born into a middle-class Jewish family in 1856 (McLeod), Freud found himself in the midst of the Nazi invasion of Austria when he delved into the discipline that would ultimately make his name: a new psychological medicine called psychoanalysis. He was deeply devoted to the cause of promoting this new field, which was especially risky because he was seen as a figure set out to destroy the most sacred notions of Christianity. Most theories are specialized but Freud’s view is a theory of everything, encompassing just about everything that matters: day-to-day life, child development, mental illness, religion, war, and love. So much of how we perceive the present rests on the ideas of Freud. Regardless of interpretation, we live in a world monumentally altered by Sigmund Freud. He is not known for any single discovery: instead, he is known for the development of an encompassing theory of mind that developed over the span of many decades. At the core of his beliefs was a set of claims that define a man’s intellectual importance. The three mainShow MoreRelatedPsychological Doubling Frankenstein1611 Words   |  7 Pagesliterary device helps further character development while also bringing out the evil behind a seemingly innocent character in a novel. According to Sigmund Freud the manifestation that is made up of a characters hidden desires and wants is called the shadow self. 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The And The Great Depression - 1233 Words

Introduction Because of the wealth afforded through the Industrial Revolution the beginning of the 20th century in the United States was filled with peace and prosperity. However, in the background war was on the horizon. After two world wars and the Great Depression, some of the movements of the 19th century were re-established. Moreover, new movements emerged in response to the issues created from the wars and the Great Depression. I will discuss the major religious, social and political movements that emerged in the 20th century. Religious Movements During the 19th century, many approaches were taken to Christianize the immigrants in the new nation. The living conditions were crowded, people were abused and there was only a few†¦show more content†¦Subsequently, the Pentecostal movement spread through different denominations in the United States. The Pentecostal movement resulted in the creation the Assemblies of God, which is the main Pentecostal denomination in the United States. In addition to the overcrowding and other urban issues brought on by immigration, European ideas also immigrated to the United States. Darwin’s theory of evolution questioned the validity of the creation story in the book of Genesis. The theory taught that through evolution humans would have the capability to solve problems and create peace, joy, freedom and abundance. In response, Protestant Liberalism emerged and taught that humans were free to think as they pleased. Gonzalez noted, â€Å"Protestant Liberalism was an attempt to couch Christianity in the mold of those ideas, and gained wide acceptance among the intellectual elite in the U.S.†. Although most liberals were Christians, there was a group of radical liberals called modernist who were not Christian. In addition, the modernist did not believe in the Bible, instead they believed the key to achievement was will power. According to Alister McGrath, â€Å"The fundamental theme of modernism was its des ire to control†. Because the theory of evolution was a direct contradiction of the Christian faith, many Christians viewed liberalism as a threat. As a

Internet Cafe free essay sample

All the hardware or devices need to be connected each other to the Local Area Networking (LAN), to enable them share one internet line to get connected to the Internet. This is a basic idea on how to connect all your hardware to the LAN. Connecting the Computers All PCs have to connect to the switch/hub, which are merge as a LAN. A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated devices that share a common communications line and typically share the resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area (for example, within an office building). In this article I assume that all PCs have been completely installed with Windows 98 operating system and using static IP Address instead of dynamic IP (DHCP) for each system because CCAutoSoft cyber cafe management software currently only support static IP Address. Installing and Configuring Ethernet Adapter Card In order to enable each PC communicate with each other we have to install the networking protocol. We will write a custom essay sample on Internet Cafe or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Common ones used in a simple network are IPX/SPX and TCP/IP. To install, open Network Neighborhood properties, click â€Å"Add† button, Select â€Å"Protocol† and â€Å"Add† button, scroll down in the manufacturer list and select Microsoft, select IPX/SPX and click â€Å"OK†. The next one should be the same, but select TCP/IP instead. Once installed, select TCP/IP in the Network Neighborhood Properties window, click â€Å"Properties† button. Insert into TCP/IP Properties: The PC’s IP Address, e. g. 192. 168. 1. 2 -Each PC must have different IP Address e. g. : 192. 168. 1. 2, 192. 168. 1. 3, 192. 168. 1. 4, 192. 168. 1. 5 and so on. Gateway: 192. 168. 1. (modem/router IP Address) DNS: refer to your Internet Provider. In this case I use Malaysian TMNet’s DNS: 202. 188. 0. 133 and 202. 188. 1. 5 Click â€Å"OK† button, and restart PC. The computer will be ready to get connected once it is restarted. Do the same to other PC. Cabling/Wiring Commonly use cables are co-ax and cat5 with RJ-45 an d BNC connector. Most of new NIC only support RJ-45 connector, so we use Cat5 (also called 10BaseT) cable. Other than RJ-45 connector and Cat5 cable, you also need a crimping tool. Measure the length from the client to the switch, perhaps a little bit longer. Cut the cable and crimp RJ-45 connector at both of the cable end. The next step is the easiest part, put one end of the cable into the client’s NIC port and the other end at the switch/hub’s port. You have to make another 20 cables if you have 20 units of clients with 1 unit of server. Connect all 20 PCs, PC Server and the modem/router to the hub/switch and connect a phone line to the modem/router. Configure the modem and router setting. There are many broadband modem with built it router out there. The configuration is off course different with each other. But the basic configuration is to set the router as the gateway. You also have to insert your dialing properties in the router, such as your username and password. Most of the modem can be configured through the web browser at any connected clients. For example, if the modem/router’s IP Address is 192. 168. 1. 1, just type http://192. 168. 1. 1 in the web browser URL’s box on any PC in the LAN. Sharing a Printer Usually, a printer is connected to the server PC, so the internet cafe staff can easily manage printing process whether from clients or by walk in customer. Configure network neighborhood properties of the server to share printer, this will let printer sharing with the LAN. After install the printer driver into the server, make it shared. â€Å"Add printer† at each client by browsing in the LAN and find shared printer at the server. Connecting A Scanner Scanner needs to be connected to a PC to operate. Connect it to a client if you prefer customers to use the scanner themselves, or connect it to the server if you want the cyber cafe staff to scan for your customers Unlike other types of shop, internet cafe needs one more wiring other than electrical wiring which is network cable wiring. A good planning is needed to suite the location of every device in the internet cafe. Unlike electric wiring which only needs 3 to 6 cables in each electric wire casing to the switches, plug or sockets, network cable is exclusive one cable for each device. This is about Category 5 (Cat5/Cat5e) cable. Cat 5 is required for basic 10/100 functionality, you would want Cat 5e for gigabit (1000BaseT) operation and Cat 6 or higher gives you a measure of future proofing. If you do not want to work hard, there are many contractors who like to offer their services at a fair price and quality workmanship, but doing the job yourself is not as hard as you think. And it’s fun! (at least for me ) There is an old article I wrote about connecting all hardware in internet cafe. I wrote it in 2005, so it may have some outdated information. In this article I will show you how I planned to connect the entire computer to one switch and to the router/modem and finally to the internet as the image below. Network How do we connect a computer to a switch? A computer can be connected to a switch by a network cable. Common network cable used is Cat5. Each end of the cable has a plug, called RJ45 connector or plug. You can make the network cables yourself if you want to cut down the cost of setting up your own internet cafe. It is not so difficult. You only need Cat5 cable, RJ45 connectors, crimping tools and a lot of patience. Of course you must know how to arrange the wires by their colors. RJ45 + Cat5 cable + Crimping Tool = Network Cable And this is the latest ‘my’ internet cafe plan. One end of each cable from 14 computers will run through the ceiling via electrical ‘casing n capping’. For computers at the center, there is a permanent structure built for electrical and network wiring purpose. The casing is mounted on the structure then all the cables run through the casing to above the ceiling. All rj45 plugs/cables from 14 computers run down from the ceiling through the casing and then are plugged into the switch’s port. The others 6 computers connected to the switch by the cables run through casing mounted at the wall. Other then 20 computers for the clients, devices needed to be connected to the switch are modem with built-in router, computer at the counter, and perhaps a server ( I planned to put an Ubuntu server in the LAN for NAS (network-attach storage), squid cache server, proxy server and might be an intranet web server – refer to Part 1). The switch I need is a 24 ports switch because I have 22 computers and 1 modem/router. So have only 1 extra port. Usually, there are 4 ports at the router/modem but one is used to connect to the switch. So overall I have 4 extra ports, which might be useful soon Business plan Computers (high-quality devices complete with monitors, mice and keyboards) Software (Operating systems, productivity software, gaming software) Networking equipment (routers, switches, cabling) Uninterruptable power supply (UPS) units to protect from power surges Furniture I was looking at something like this myself. I think its best to keep both the power consumption and the price nice and low. Despite the ultra low power consumption and low price though, this should play most games on ultra high settings. (At 1366768 at least) Intel Pentium G620 G. SKILL NS 4GB (2 x 2GB) ASRock H61M-VS Sapphire HD 7750 1GB Seagate Barracuda 500GB Fractal Design Core 1000 SeaSonic SS-300ES Bronze 300W Samsung DVD Burner Total $439. 92 The max power draw should be between 100-150W and it should still be great for gaming. That Pentium in particular gives insane gaming performance for the price compared to AMDs offerings. The price/performance on the graphics card is OK but the main reason for it is the ultra low power consumption. Roger Magana Get a 24-port switch or at least one that covers your minimum specification. Now you need to get cables for each PC you want to connect to the switch. so it is like this: Cloud(Internet)gt;Routergt;Switch connected to the number 1 port of routergt;PCs connected into each port of switch. Windows XP you said, you got to make sure they are all in the same network/subnet and have the gateway pointed to the router. Usually the router would be: 192. 168. 1. (check this with your current PC, if any, and go to your command prompt and type ipconfig without quotes and look at the IP address next to gateway to confirm) the switch is usually a passive device (auto-configured) but if you manage to get a hold of a Cisco switch or something, the default-gateway would be the routers IP. As for the PCs, according to my guessed IP of your router: You can either choose DHCP from the router, but if you want to manage easier if anything because its an Internet-cafe, have their IP address configured manually and number them: (PC1 for example)192. 168. 1. 101 (PC2) 192. 68. 1. 102 (PC 10) 192. 168. 1. 110 the subnet, if it is asked in XP, should be the class C one (255. 255. 255. 0) and the gateway should be 192. 168. 1. 1 To configure your PCs go to the start menugt;control panelgt;find network connectionsgt;double click on the interface you are connecting to the Internet withgt;click propertiesgt;on the list click ipv4gt;then propertiesgt;click on the radio button use the following IP addressgt;enter the values in their according fields. To setup LAN network for a cyber cafe, there are certain things to consider such as physical and logical setup. A cyber cafe is a business where you make money by offering Internet access to the public through cyber cafe software. This means, in order to attract more clients, your LAN should be well configured and secured. A well configured LAN should be fast and network cables should be run through cable ducts to make the cyber cafe look neat and avoid tripping or stepping on network cables. Items needed to setup LAN network include network cables, cable ties, cable ducts, RJ-45, crimping tool, cable peeler and an Ethernet cable tester. Basic devices used are Ethernet switch, cabinet, patch panel and router. A router will be used to connect to the Internet and the switch and patch panel will connect the computers. How to Setup LAN Network On A Cyber Cafe of 20 Pcs For the scenario, we will setup LAN network for a cyber cafe of 20 PCs. We will need an Ethernet switch with 24 ports. A good choice would be Cisco or D-link. When buying the Ethernet cables there are two choices: the industry terminated cables also known as plug and play or ready to use, and cables that you terminate yourself. Cable Termination: Means taking a cable and attaching a RJ-45 connector on both ends. This is done using a cable peeler to safely peel the coating and using a crimping tool to attach the RJ-45 connects to the cables. Cables used will be straight through cables. For a cyber cafe, Cat-5e (Category 5) is a good choice. This will give you speeds of 100Mbps in full duplex, but if you want to build a GbE (Gigabit Ethernet), go for Cat6 cables. Testing Ethernet Cables: After you have bought or terminated the cable, the next step is to test and that’s where the Ethernet cable tester comes in. All you have to do is plug both ends of the cable into the tester and press the test button. If the cable is working or not the tester will indicate. Labeling Network Cables: Now label each cable on both ends with a tag. This helps ease trouble shooting. An example would be using a tag with the following printed on it â€Å"PC-1Port-1†. This means that the cable will connect PC-1 to the patch panel port that links to the switch at port. Connecting to NICs: With the cables in place, connect them to NICs (Network Interface Cards) on your PCs and run them through the cable ducts up to the switch and cover the duct. Do not plug them to the switch yet. The switch, router and patch panel should be fixed inside a cabinet for security. Connect port 1 of the switch to port 1 at the back of the patch panel using patch cables that are bought together with the patch panel. Keep doing this until all 20 ports are connected. Connecting to Patch Panel: After you are through with the switch and patch panel, now connect the cables from the PCs to the RJ-45 ports in front of the patch panel in the order that you created. After this, you are done with the physical installation. Use cable ties to neatly tie cables together near the patch panel. You can tie them in bunches of five. Assigning IPv4 Addresses When you setup LAN network, allocating IP addresses can either be done manually by typing it on each computer or allocate using a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol). DHCP is easier, faster and ideal when you setup LAN network. This can be configured on the router to assign each PC an IP address, subnet mask and gateway automatically. DHCP saves time and avoids typing errors. IP Subnetting: When setting up the IP addressing scheme use a subnet that will allow you to add more PCs or if you later add wireless Internet access to your cyber cafe. If you decide to use the most common, class C (192. 68. 0. 0) use a subnet mask of 255. 255. 255. 224 which allows you up to 31 hosts. So, with a cyber cafe of 20 PCs you can later add 16. VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Masking) avoids wastage of IP addresses. You have successfully setup LAN network and you can contact the ISP (Internet Service Provider) to configure your router for Internet access. Tips: After you setup LAN network secure the network and customers from hackers and viruses using firewalls, antivirus software and monitoring tools. Also, you might want to monitor and share bandwidth equally among your customers. This is because if your connection is not fast enough and a customer if making VoIP calls like Skype, other customers might experience difficulties accessing the Internet. Nowadays, internet cafes are really in demand because of the fast changing technology that the people embraced. Some have their own laptops and bring it to coffee shops so that they could relax and at the same time prepare their assignments and paper works. The people today are very busy and would want to do their jobs in a beautiful and innovative environment that could satisfy their needs and lessen their stress due to busy schedule.